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EAPP – English for Academic & Professional Purposes
ReplyDelete•NELSON G. VERSOZA JUNE 5, 2018
•
EAPP
• focuses instruction on skills required to perform in an English-speaking academic context across core subject areas generally encountered in a college or university setting.
• Academic Writing
• A process that starts with:
• Posing a question
• Problematizing a concept (general idea or abstract)
• Evaluating an opinion
• Answering the question/questions posed or
• Clarifying the problem or Arguing for a stand
• Purposes
• to inform
• to argue a specific point
• to persuade
• Academic Writing
• Academic writing is to some extent: complex, formal, objective, explicit, hedged, and responsible. It uses language precisely and accurately.
• Features
of
Academic Texts
• 1. COMPLEX
• Written language has longer words, it is lexically denser and has a more varied vocabulary.
• 2. FORMAL
• should avoid colloquial words and expressions
• 3. PRECISE
• Facts are given accurately and precisely.
• 4. OBJECTIVE
• objective rather than personal
• has fewer words that refer to the writer or the reader
• 5. EXPLICIT
• it is the responsibility of the writer in English to make it clear/plain to the reader how the various parts of the text are related.
• 6. ACCURATE
• uses vocabulary accurately.
• 7. HEDGING
• it is necessary to make decisions about your stance on a particular subject, or the strength of the claims you are making.
• 8. RESPONSIBLE
(in charge but accountable)
• You must be responsible for and must be able to provide evidence and justification for, any claims you make.
***Types of Academic Writing
Thesis
Paper
Report
Essay
Article
Project
Dissertation
***STRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC TEXTS
Three-part essay structure
• the reader is introduced to the topic that will be discussed and to the argument that will be presented
• the discussion/analysis is carried out and the results are presented
• the argument is summed up and conclusions are drawn
• Essay: argumentative text, usually short (1,500 to 6,000 words).
• Research paper: longer essay involving library research (3,000 to 6,000 words).
• Research article: an essay written to be published in scientific journals.
• Dissertation: long essay involving study and research (6,000 to 20,000 words).
• Thesis: completed over a number of years. Offers an original contribution to the research area. (20,000 words).
• Technical report: describes the process, progress, and results of scientific research.
• Research project: describes the ideas for an investigation on a certain topic.
***Basic Structure of Academic Writing***
REPORT
• Description of the process, procedure, and results of a research.
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusion
PROJECT
• Describes the ideas for an investigation on a certain
topic.
• Title (hypothesis)
• Background Analysis and Information
• Literature Review
ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY
• Presents an argument through reasoning and the use of evidence.
• Thesis statement: expresses the researcher’s position in relation to a given problem. It is normally stated in the introduction of an essay.
• Topic sentences: give support to the thesis statement in the body of the essay.
• Evidence and examples: from reading, reflection and analysis, support the topic sentences.
Structure of Argumentative Essay
• Title page: title, date, course, instructor’s name, student’s name.
• Introduction: background of argument, the content of the essay, theoretical perspectives used, the definition of key terms, the line of argument and organization of essay.
• Body: presents support for the thesis statement, contains developing sentences that extend topic sentences, gives evidence to support topic sentences, provides a concluding sentence.
• Conclusion: restates the line of argument, summarises the points that support the thesis, suggests further research.
• Bibliography: sources cited in the paper listed alphabetically.