2. An act of studying something in order to make a judgment about it. Merriam Webster Dictionary
PURPOSE:
To study a research topic thoroughly, and to summarize the existing studies in an organized manner.
PARTS
1. INTRODUCTION
- State the aim of the survey.
- Outline the report.
- Explain how and when the information were gathered.
2. BODY - All the information collected and analyzed is presented clearly and in detail (break down the respondents into groups according to sex, age and place of residence, state the main differences between groups). Subheadings, numbers or letters can be used to separate each piece of information.
3. CONCLUSION - Sum up the points mentioned above. If necessary a recommendation can be included as well (one way of summing up is making some general comments).
HINTS AND PHRASES
Present Tenses, Reported Speech and an impersonal style should be used in survey reports. Use a variety of reporting verbs such as claim, state, report, agree, complain, suggest, etc.
When reporting the results of a survey, the figures gathered should be given in the form of percentages and proportions. Expressions such as “one in four” or “six out of ten” can be used, or exact percentages e.g. 25% of the people questioned, 68% of those who filled out the questionnaire, etc. Less exact expressions such as: the majority of those questioned, a large proportion of, a significant number of, etc. can also be used.
FACTS AND GENERALIZATION
Facts are sentences where you use percentages and proportions.
LANGUAGE FOR REPORTS
To introduce: The purpose/aim of this report, As requested, This survey was carried out/ conducted by means of…,the questionnaire consisted of etc.
To generalize: In general, generally, on the whole, etc.
To refer to a fact: The fact is that…, In fact, In practice, etc.
To conclude/ summarize: In conclusion, All things considered, To sum up, All in all, If any conclusions may be drawn from the data, It is clear that, The survey shows/indicates/demonstrates, etc.
SAMPLE:
On 8th February 1999, a survey was conducted among 16 overseas postgraduate students at the University of England. The purpose of the survey was to discover the reading habits in English of the students.
The survey was conducted by means of a questionnaire given to the students to complete. The first part of the questionnaire dealt with the type of reading and its frequency. The second section was concerned with newspapers: the type of items read and those that were read first.
From the table of data, the most significant items are as follows. In the first section 81% of the students regularly read academic books" while 44% regularly read academic journals. Nothing else is read regularly or often by 40% or more of the students. The following comments can be made about the reading of newspapers, magazines and fiction. 75% sometimes read regional or local newspapers, 69% sometimes read books of fiction, 62% sometimes read general magazines, and 56% sometimes read national daily newspapers. On the other hand, 37% never read Sunday newspapers and 31% never read fiction.
In the second section, not surprisingly, 100% read news about their own country in newspapers and 56% read this first. 94% read international news, 25% read this first. 81% read about Britain and look at radio and TV information. The only other item that is usually read by more than 50% of the students is current affairs (read by 56%).
If any conclusions may be drawn from the data, they are, perhaps, as follows. Overseas students presumably have little time for general reading: most of their reading time is spent on books and journals on their own subject. Outside their studies, apart from reading news about their own country, international news, and news about Britain, they probably spend most time watching TV and listening to the radio.
Survey of Academic and General Reading in
English
/from Academic Writing Course by R.R.
Jordan/
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